Direct Monolithic Integration of Organic Photovoltaic Circuits on Unmodified Paper

Abstract

Organic photovoltaic circuits are monolithically fabricated directly on a variety of common paper substrates using oxidative chemical vapor deposition to vapor print conformal conductive polymer electrodes. The paper photovoltaic arrays produce >50 V, power common electronic displays in ambient indoor lighting, and can be tortuously flexed and folded without loss of function.