Design considerations for enhancing mixed-group videoconferencing experiences with deaf and hearing users

Abstract

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, videoconferencing technology has been widely adopted as a convenient, powerful, and fundamental tool that has considerably simplified many day-to-day tasks. However, video communication is dependent on audible conversation, and is therefore strenuous for those who are hard of hearing. Communication methods used by the Deaf and Hard of Hearing community differ significantly from those used by the hearing community, and a distinct language gap is evident in workspaces that accommodate workers from both groups. Therefore, we integrated users in both groups to explore ways to alleviate existing obstacles in mixed-group videoconferencing by implementing user-generated icons. A participatory design methodology is incorporated to investigate how the users demonstrated methods of overcoming language differences. We observed that individuals utilize icons within video-mediated meetings as a universal language to reinforce comprehension. Based on these findings, we also propose design implications and recommendations for future icon systems to enhance and support mixed-group conversations.