Personal glucose meter-utilized methods for on-site biomolecular detection

Abstract

Personal glucose meter (PGM) is one of the most widely commercialized portable device that enables the self-diagnosis of diabetes by measuring blood glucose level. By taking advantages of its meritorious features including portability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of operation, there have been extensive research to develop novel biosensors that utilize PGM for the detection of various non-glucose biomolecules such as small molecule, protein, and nucleic acid during the last decade. Notably, the employment of PGM as a detection device paved a new way for the development of point-of-care (POC) system that can be simply applied in the facility-limited environments. Despite these highly promising characteristics of PGM, however, the previous PGM-utilized biomolecular detection strategies have still showed several disadvantages such as the preparation of enzyme-labeled DNA probe and the requirement of magnetic separation step, which makes the entire detection procedure time-consuming and labor-intensive. To overcome these limitations, we have developed novel PGM-utilized label-free and washing-free methods for the simple on-site biomolecular detection by employing kinase-catalyzed cascade enzymatic reaction (KCER), glucose oxidase-mimicking activity of cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeO2 NP), and target-induced peroxidase catalysis, overcoming the disadvantages of the previously reported technologies.