Review of recent technologies for transforming carbon dioxide to carbon materials

Abstract

Since the Industrial Revolution, as fossil fuels have been applied to a wide range of fields, greenhouse gas emissions have continuously increased. In particular, in order to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, which account for the largest percentage of greenhouse gases, various scientific technologies have been developed since the Paris Agreement launched in 2015. Representatively, CCUS (carbon capture, utilization, and storage) technology, which can convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into other high value-added materials, has been attracting attention. However, since carbon dioxide is very stable due to the double covalent bonds between carbon and oxygen atoms, various paths such as supercritical transformation, electrochemical conversion, and metal-based and inorganic substance-based conversion have been applied to convert it. This review introduces and provides a comprehensive overview of the latest studies as well as existing technologies to transform carbon dioxide into carbon materials.