재현적 증거에서 존재론적 증거로: 세 현장연구 사례를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper highlights the ways in which natives employ theconcept of ‘evidence’ in the field and attempts to explore newpossibilities of its concept. Although evidences are consistentlylocated in questions that anthropologists encounter during theirresearch, its concept itself has been rarely discussed in earnest. Byfocusing on three cases of fieldwork, which study debates andpractices of scientists, medical doctors, and engineers, respectively,this paper looks at how those natives produce, use, and justify theirevidences. As a result, the understanding of ‘their evidences’ hasenabled anthropologists to reflect on how we imagine and make useof ‘our evidences.’ In this paper, while evidences that anthropologistshave predominantly assumed are defined as ‘representational evidences,’ ‘ontological evidence (Holbraad 2008)’ is redefined andproposed as a new concept of evidence. Lastly, this paper shows thatthe concept of ‘ontological evidence’ not only negates hierarchiesbetween natives’ and researchers’ evidences but also resolvesconfrontations between science and anthropology.