Effect of flow mal-distribution on effective NTU in multi-channel counter-flow heat exchanger of single body

Abstract

Most heat exchangers in services belong to multi-channel heat exchangers. The working fluid is distributed among the multiple channels. This kind of heat exchangers usually has a flow distribution problem. In general, the flow is not evenly distributed and, as a result, the thermal performance of the heat exchanger degrades due to it. In this paper, such flow distribution effect in a single body multi-channel heat exchanger is evaluated in an analytic way. Transverse conduction through the heat exchanger body which is caused by the maldistributed flow is formulated and included in NTU evaluation. The NTU relationship between the well-balanced flow distribution and the ill-balanced one is obtained. According to the analysis result, the heat exchanger has the best performance in case of the well-balanced flow distribution, as is expected, and has the performance degradation in case of the ill-balanced flow. The performance degradation is very severe in the heat exchanger with poor transverse conduction. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.