In this paper, iterative learning control (ILC) based on a quadratic performance criterion is revisited and generalized for time-varying linear constrained systems with deterministic, stochastic disturbances and noises. The main intended area of application for this generalized method is chemical process control, where excessive input movements are undesirable and many process variables are subject to hard constraints. It is shown that, within the framework of the quadratic-criterion-based ILC (Q-ILC), various practical issues such as constraints, disturbances, measurement noises, and model errors can be considered in a rigorous and systematic manner. Algorithms for the deterministic case, the stochastic case, and the case with bounded parameter uncertainties are developed and relevant properties such as the asymptotic convergence are established under some mild assumptions. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithms. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.