A new mode synthesis method using Lagrange multipliers and substructure hybrid interface modes is presented. Substruture governing equations of motion are derived using Lagrange equations and the constraints of geometric compatibility between the substructures are treated with Lagrange multipliers. Fixed, free, and loaded interface modes can be employed for the modal bases of each substructure. In cases of the fixed and loaded interface modes, two successive modal transformation relations are used. Compared with the conventional mode synthesis methods, the suggested method does not construct the equations of motion of the coupled structure and the final characteristic equation becomes a polynomial. Only modal parameters of each substructure and geometric compatibility conditions are needed. The suggested method is applied to a simple lumped mass model and parametric study is performed.