This thesis develops a general methodology for evaluating inspection (mainly, safety inspection) policies, standards and regulations in a complex system with lots of components. Based on the history of the system and prior experimental data, this methodology enables planners or regulators to estimate the costs and effectiveness of different inspection policies. And also, this methodology can be used to aid in determining inspection schedules for the detection of age-dependent defects. Especially we concentrate on analyzing an inspection program with two inspection devices for a single kind of defect in a complex system. As main tools, the concepts of detection probability and earliness of detection are developed in this thesis.