Doamin name resolution with renewal using piggyback

Abstract

Domain name resolution is a necessary predecessor of the Internet name-based applications. In spite of its importance, it can be long because it needs several redirections to multiple remote name servers. Moreover, when there is not any response, it is especially serious on the order of seconds by the use of static timeout value and retransmission. To alleviate these problems, only Domain Name System cache has contributed, and it much has reduced domain name resolution time by decreasing or removing the redirections. In the recent name server traffic of the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, the cache-hit rate was about as much as 85%. However, there is still future improvement in the performance of Domain Name System cache. In the same name server traffic, as much as about 72% of cache-misses were expired-entry misses. The expired-entry misses are occurred by the Time-To-Live value expirations of the entries. If the Time-To-Live values are extended beforehand, the expired-entry misses taking most of cache-misses can be removed. To achieve them with minimum overhead, this paper presented Renewal Using Piggyback approach that reduced expired-entry misses by active extension of expired Time-To-Live values using piggyback message. To maximize the performance of the approach, this paper proposed several Renewal Using Piggyback policies based on record access patterns in the cache too. By the trace driven simulation using two large independent name server traffics, the best policy improved not only latency but also query traffic to about 33% ~ 50%, and its performance showed nearly similar performance to conventional caching’s with just 10% of time-to-live value of the latter. Moreover, the performance of the best policy was close to the theoretical upper bound of Renewal Using Piggyback performance to a degree. Additionally, it consumed twice the bandwidth of conventional caching. We believe that the similarity of the results on two data set...