A series of poly(2-alkoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene)``s was synthesized by processible precursor method. In this thesis, three poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) derivatives were included, poly(2-methoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (PMPV), poly(2-butoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (PBPV) and poly(2-dodecyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene). These polymers were characterized using UV-Visible-NIR, FT-IR spectroscopy and DSC, TGA thermal analyzer. The third order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of the polymers were determined using third harmonic generation (THG) method at 1907 nm. Measured third order NLO coefficients are $10^{-11}\,10^{-12$ esu order and as the side chain length is increased, the third order NLO coefficient is decreased because of the side chain effect on conjugation and of volume fraction. The conductivities of the polymers were measured by four-probe method. These polymers were doped with both $FeCl_3$ and $I_2$, and the maximum conductivities ranged between $10^\circ$ and $10^{-1}$ S/cm. The conductivity is decreased, as the side chain length is increased. Photoluminescence spectra of the polymers were obtained in the search for new materials for light emitting devices. The emitting wavelength range of these materials is from 530 nm to 630 nm(yellow-red color).