“Two hands are better than one” AI-human synergy research with AIED case study

Abstract

After the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increasing interest in the introduction of artificial intelligence into education systems, and research on AI-enabled education systems (AIED) is also actively being conducted. However, this research found that through literature review, research on AI-enabled education systems is limited to a technological perspective, and research on AI-enabled education systems in the field of education is slow. Additionally, it identified issues with the misuse of 'synergy' and a lack of synergy research within education. The study attempted to analyse seven cases of AI-enabled education to examine the synergy between AI and human collaboration in education, but faced limitations due to unclear mechanisms for many cases. Therefore, this study adopted Santa TOEIC as a single case of an AI-enabled education platform to deeply explore the types, conditions, and mechanisms of synergy between AI and human within an organization. Through the case, it was revealed that 1) AI-human synergy in education has the synergy effect defined by Ansoff (1965), where humans can efficiently learn through personalized educational programs provided by AI, and AI can enhance its accuracy by utilizing quizzes response and behaviour data from human. 2) The conditions for AI-human synergy in educational environments involve a continuous questioning and answering or reacting process between AI and humans, where humans provide data to AI, and AI provides better educational programs by comparing individual student data with patterns from other students' data through algorithm analysis. The mechanism involves students providing selection and behaviour data to AI while performing educational activities provided by AI, and the algorithm analysing individual student data with patterns from other students to provide better quality personalized educational programs. 3) It was revealed that the synergy between artificial intelligence and human organizations has a different form of synergy from traditional human organizations. The AI-human organization has a different goal than the traditional human organization, and the synergy is measured by an increase in human learning efficiency and improvement in AI accuracy, rather than financial amounts or added value. The study also analysed that if the collaborative environment between AI and humans is broken, AI cannot improve. This research aims to contribute to the organizational field of study by exploring the types, conditions, and mechanisms of synergy in Augmented Intelligence that is gaining attention in AI-Human collaboration. It focuses on the role of AI in education and aims to provide a case study that can help bridge the gap between AI technology and education.