The present invention relates to a fiber-type strain sensor having a core-shell structure, and a manufacturing method therefor, and the fiber-type strain sensor having a core-shell structure, of the present invention, comprises: a fiber support constituting a core; and a multi-layer structured shell layer formed on the fiber support, and thus the present invention can manufacture a fiber-type sensor having improved strength and stiffness due to a core fiber, having a reduced noise level due to an elastomer layer, and having improved linearity of a measured signal due to a sandwiched-structured conductive layer, thereby enabling stable measurement of strain while not operating defectively in a composite structure.