Relationship between urban physical characteristics and thermal condition through urban block analysis

Abstract

Due to the abnormal climate, it seems difficult to predict and inconvenient to live in. As part of implementing the Paris Convention, a project is underway to remodel the existing city by adjusting the environmental factors of the city, such as the Green New Deal, act of the Ministry of Environment, South Korea. The main interests of these projects are urban thermal environment adjustment and carbon and greenhouse gas emissions control. Additionally, heat waves and heat island often occur, pointing out the need to improve the thermal environment of the city. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between the physical characteristics of urban blocks and the thermal environment. In addition, it is intended to present the direction of urban block adjustment along with the analysis of existing urban areas. This study selected Geumjeong-gu and Haeundae-gu as research area, which are expected to have the largest temperature difference even in Busan, where summer temperatures are expected to be the highest by 2100 among metropolitan cities. After dividing the target site into 100m grid-type blocks, the types of city blocks were classified using K-means, and temperature and humidity data were constructed in units of grid-type blocks using PRISM and Psychometric Chart. THI was used to evaluate the thermal environment of each grid-shaped block. The degree of inclusion of urban types by administrative district made it possible to distinguish the regional characteristics of the two administrative districts, and it was confirmed that the discomfort index by urban block type was different. Using this study, it implies that the relationship between physical and thermal factors in urban areas can be analyzed or presented as an evaluation index to be used for urban remodeling projects.