Development of effective strategies for top-down fabrication of low-dimensional (low-D) nanomaterials remain as challenges to current days. Among various approaches, exfoliation from the intercalation compounds of layered materials is promising due to the applicability in wide range of materials, and availability in producing high quality and size-controlled low-D nanomaterials. Herein, effective exfoliation of high quality graphene flakes, CNTs and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets through use of intercalation methods are demonstrated. The studies include the underlying basis in developing or implementing intercalation system in relevance to the exfoliation process, and a variety of applications as conductive components, functional fillers in polymer composites, and chemical sensing materials, where the fabricated low-D nanomaterials proves to be useful.