Downlink coverage analysis based on hybrid model with dual-slope path loss

Abstract

A novel hybridmodel with dual-slope path loss is proposed to analyse the coverage probability for a given cell, and its coverage probability formula is derived by using a newly dual-slope path loss expression. A change of base station (BS) density may affect coverage probability obviously, yielding a low bound to simulation result of actual BSs. When the ratio of two path loss factor values is in a higher range, less BSs can achieve the same coverage probability. For the same SINR threshold and BS density, the coverage probability becomes higher under a lower range of path loss factor ratio.