Requirements for T cell-polarized tubulation of class II+ compartments in dendritic cells

Abstract

Activation of naive CD4 T cells by dendritic cells requires the sequential interaction of many TCR molecules with peptide-class II complexes of the appropriate specificity. Such interaction results in morphological transformation of class II MHC-containing endosomal compartments. In this study, we analyze the requirements for long tubular endosomal structures that polarize toward T cell contact sites using dendritic cells from I-A(b) class II-enhanced green fluorescent protein knock-in mice and I-A(b)-restricted CD4 T cells specific for OVA. Clustering of membrane proteins and ligation of T cell adhesion molecules LFA-1 and CD2 are involved in induction of endosomal tubulation. Activation of T cells increases their ability to induce class II-enhanced green fluorescent protein-positive tubules in dendritic cells, in part through up-regulation of CD40 ligand. Remarkably, and in stark contrast with the result obtained with dendritic cells loaded with intact OVA, OVA peptide added to dendritic cells failed to evoke T cell-polarized endosomal tubulation even though both conditions allowed T cell stimulation. These results suggest the existence of microdomains on the membrane of dendritic cells that allow Ag-speeific T cells to evoke tubulation in the dendritic cell.