Lab on a fabric: Mass producible and low-cost fabric filters for the high throughput viable isolation of circulating tumor cells

Abstract

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in estimating the presence and the metastatic relapse of tumor. Despite of their importance, isolation of viable CTCs is still struggling, since chemical or mechanical damages are unavoidable when separating less than 1000 of CTCs out of billions of other blood components. Furthermore, the current CTC isolation devices show low productivity, since they are produced after a series of complicated fabrication processes. Here, we present a low-cost and mass-producible fabric filters for the viable CTC isolation and the further molecular assay for profiling cancer-associated markers. The fabric filter, produced by polyester monofilament yarns, can be massively produced at extremely low-cost, by showing productivity of similar to 22 filters/s at similar to 59 filters/USD. By utilizing size-based sorting method, the fabric filter is capable to isolate both epithelial and mesenchymal CTCs, while slots with curved walls are beneficial for preventing the cell rupture by reducing 21.6% of mechanical stress compared to the conventional straight walled slots. We applied our filter to 11 human blood samples and found that the number of CTCs was closely related to the expression level of Ki-67, which is highly overexpressed in proliferative tumors. The fabric filter might be an appropriate caner-screening tool in developing countries, where people suffer from insufficient healthcare services.