Lifetime and energy optimization in multi-hop wireless sensor networks with spatial modulation based cooperative MIMO

Abstract

In this letter, the optimizations of both lifetime and energy consumption are jointly considered in multi-hop clustered wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where spatial modulation (SM)-based cooperative MIMO (CMIMO-SM) is utilized as the transmission scheme. In this scheme, an only-forwarding transmission scenario is considered so that the intermediate clusters only act as deliverers to pass the data from the source to the destination. The energy consumption and lifetime of the whole network are optimized by allocating the hop lengths and selecting the appropriate number of hops.