Inverse radiation problems are solved to estimate boundary temperature distributions in an axisymmetric absorbing, emitting, and scattering medium, given measured radiative quantities. To reduce the computation time required for calculating the sensitivity matrix, an automatic differentiation and Broyden combined update are adopted, and their computational precision and efficiency are compared with the result obtained by finite-difference approximation. Further, the effects of the precision of the sensitivity matrix, the magnitudes of the sensitivity coefficients, the number of measurement points, and measurement errors on the estimation accuracy are investigated using a quasi-Newton method as an inverse method. In this inverse analysis procedure, a certain function form of unknown values is not required.