Sonochemical production of nanoparticles and its applications

Abstract

Sonochemistry utilizes ultrasound to enhance or alter chemical reactions. When sound passes through the liquid, the formation, growth, and implosive collapse of bubbles, called acoustic cavitation, can occur. In an aqueous solution, water vapor within the imploding bubble dissociates, producing hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals. The radicals produced can diffuse into the bulk solution, allowing further reaction to occur. It has successfully improved the yield, changed the reaction pathway and initiated the reaction in biological, chemical and electrochemical systems.. In this thesis, silica particles and gold nanoparticles are produced within the ultrasonic field. The gold nanoparticles doped silica particles were synthesized by the sonochemical method. The silica core/gold nanoshell particles produced were applied in the detection of biological molecules. The gold coated silica particles with a high surface area were studied for the attachment and detection of the biomolecules such as goat and rabbit antibody and antigen.