Small-molecule synthesis of fluorescent probe for selective detection of biologically important analyte

Abstract

For decades, fluorescence detection has been studied in various fields due to the fact that it is fast, easy to operate for biological cellular imaging. In particular, it is used extensively for bioimaging such as structure and organelles in the cell to elucidate the workings of biological systems. The probes which are used for fluorescence detection are used for small-molecule analytes and biomarkers largely. Probes which have various strong points and are developed continuously, the need to be selective, sensitive and reversible. Thus after synthesis we will list the advantages of our probes and will also allow the reader to consider some disadvantages of those systems with future directions in mind.

In Chapter 1, the goal was to develop a selective probe for nerve agent i.e., chemical warfare agent (CWA) which was involved in a recent political assassination of Kim Jong Nam as well as the civil war of Syria. Using oxime group, the probe which is selective to diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) was synthesized. The probe undergoes a cyclization reaction with DCP in a fluorescent “turn-on”. Manner according to the equivalent of DCP, we can observe the ratiometric spectrum in emission intensity. Also, the detection in both liquid and gas phase is available.

In Chapter 2, we designed synthesized Reals-C and branched out probe which is selective to biothiol and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are produced by the natural metabolism system. Abnormal concentration of the biothiol and ROS can cause various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disease, etc. We developed a novel fluorescent probe: red emission through Michael addition with acryloyl group and sequent intramolecular cyclization reaction and large Stokes’ shift for cysteine (Cys). The cell study suggests that the probe is cell-permeable, successful in detecting fluorescence imaging of endogenous Cys in living cells.