Lissajous fiber scanning based two-photon endomicroscope for In vivo tissue imaging

Abstract

We report a Lissajous two-photon endomicroscope for in vivo tissue imaging. The Lissajous fiber scanner is composed of a piezoelectric (PZT) tube, a double-clad fiber (DCF), and micro-tethered-silicon-oscillators (MTSO), attached on the DCF to generate Lissajous scanning. The Lissajous scanning achieved 5 frames/s with 89.5 % of scanning density by using the frequency selection rule. The endoscopic scanner was compactly packaged with 2.6 mm in diameter including a high NA gradient-index (GRIN) lens. The endomicroscope provides 0.70 µm resolution with 1 µm diameter fluorescent beads. Two-photon fluorescence images of a stained kidney section and blood vessels and nucleus with green fluorescent protein (GFP) from anesthetized mice are successfully obtained by using the packaged endomicroscope. The Lissajous two-photon endomicroscope can be a promising compact handheld platform for in vivo tissue imaging and surgical application.