Phosphoinositide Diversity, Distribution, and Effector Function: Stepping Out of the Box

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Phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs) modulate a plethora of functions including signal transduction and membrane trafficking. PtdInsPs are thought to consist of seven interconvertible species that localize to a specific organelle, to which they recruit a set of cognate effector proteins. Here, in reviewing the literature, we argue that this model needs revision. First, PtdInsPs can carry a variety of acyl chains, greatly boosting their molecular diversity. Second, PtdInsPs are more promiscuous in their localization than is usually acknowledged. Third, PtdInsP interconversion is likely achieved through kinase-phosphatase enzyme complexes that coordinate their activities and channel substrates without affecting bulk substrate population. Additionally, we contend that despite hundreds of PtdInsP effectors, our attention is biased toward few proteins. Lastly, we recognize that PtdInsPs can act to nucleate coincidence detection at the effector level, as in PDK1 and Akt. Overall, better integrated models of PtdInsP regulation and function are not only possible but needed.
Publisher
WILEY
Issue Date
2017-12
Language
English
Article Type
Article
Keywords

PROTEIN-LIPID INTERACTIONS; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 4-PHOSPHATE; ACYL-CHAIN; NUCLEAR PHOSPHOINOSITIDES; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING; HUMAN-DISEASE; EGF RECEPTOR; 2 ISOFORMS

Citation

BIOESSAYS, v.39, no.12

ISSN
0265-9247
DOI
10.1002/bies.201700121
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/237681
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