Drone-Based External Calibration of a Fully Synchronized Ku-Band Heterodyne FMCW Radar

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This paper discusses a novel drone-based external radar calibration technique, which utilizes a metal sphere hanging from a drone. The advantages of drone-based calibration are introduced and applied to a dual intermediate-frequency frequency-modulation continuous-wave (FMCW) radar system, which was developed to detect a low radar cross section (RCS) target like a drone with high sensitivity. The developed radar system operates in 150-MHz bandwidth with a frequency sweeping time of 500 mu m at Ku-band frequencies. A 75-Omega coaxial cable was utilized in the radar system to physically separate the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) modules for better isolation. The physical separation with a coaxial cable helps in reducing Tx leakage signal effect, which is a critical concern of typical FMCW radar system, and also it helps the proposed radar system to have higher sensitivity. The designed radar system is a wired system that is fully synchronized with an internal reference clock generator. Offset frequency and other compensation factors were calculated for the calibration of the radar system using a big size metal sphere hanging from a drone. We observed that the theoretical calculations using the standard radar equation and the measurement results on calibration are in good agreement with each other. Furthermore, the RCS value of a small size drone is also investigated using the calibrated radar system. The RCS value estimated for the drone was about -22 dBsm.
Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
Issue Date
2017-08
Language
English
Article Type
Article
Citation

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT, v.66, no.8, pp.2189 - 2197

ISSN
0018-9456
DOI
10.1109/TIM.2017.2687518
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/225197
Appears in Collection
EE-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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